Philo of Alexandria (c. 20 BCE – c. 50 CE) was a Hellenistic Jewish thinker, born into a prominent and wealthy family in Alexandria, Egypt—a great center of Jewish life and Greek philosophy. I lived at a time when Rome ruled the known world, and Jewish communities, though scattered, were vibrant and deeply devoted to the Torah. I sought to reconcile the divine revelation of the Hebrew Scriptures with the best of Greek philosophy, particularly Platonism and Stoicism, though always placing the wisdom of God above the wisdom of men.
My central belief, indeed the root of my whole philosophy, was that God alone truly exists, and that man, in himself, is ouden, nothing. Human reason (logos) is not autonomous but a gift from God, a faint image of the Divine Logos through which the world was created and through which it continues to be sustained.
In all things, I was devoted to the Law of Moses, not as a mere legal code, but as a sacred revelation, filled with allegorical wisdom. I interpreted Scripture with the eyes of faith, using the method of allegory to show that beneath the literal events lay profound spiritual truths. I believed that Abraham, Joseph, Moses, and others were not only historical figures but also symbols of the soul’s journey toward God.
Although I am often called a “philosopher,” I would more rightly be known as a servant of the Word, one who used the tools of philosophy not to exalt man’s reason, but to humble it before the majesty of God. I taught that the truly wise man does not trust in himself, but becomes an instrument in the hands of the Almighty—renouncing pride, submitting the passions, and pursuing virtue through the grace given by the Lord.